瑞典皇家科学院宣布2025年诺贝尔物理学奖——三位美国科学家获奖
斯德哥尔摩，2025年10月7日（北欧时报快讯）
瑞典皇家科学院（Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien）刚刚在斯德哥尔摩举行新闻发布会，宣布2025年诺贝尔物理学奖（The Nobel Prize in Physics2025）授予三位美国科学家：
约翰·克拉克（John Clarke），美国加州大学
米歇尔·H·德沃雷（Michel H.Devoret），耶鲁大学与加州大学
约翰·M·马提尼斯（John M.Martinis），美国加州大学
以表彰他们在宏观量子力学隧穿效应与电路能量量子化（macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit）方面的发现。
在发布会上，瑞典皇家科学院常务秘书汉斯·埃勒格伦（Hans Ellegren）、诺贝尔物理学委员会主席奥勒·埃里克松（Olle Eriksson）以及委员约兰·约翰松（Göran Johansson）就座主席台出席并介绍了获奖成果。
汉斯·埃勒格伦表示，这三位科学家的研究“让我们第一次在宏观尺度上直接观测到量子力学行为”，其成果奠定了当今超导量子计算（superconducting quantum computing）的理论与实验基础。
他们的发现揭示了量子世界与电路工程之间的桥梁，为未来的量子计算机发展、精密测量技术以及低能耗电子设备开辟了新方向。
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announces the2025Nobel Prize in Physics
Stockholm,8October2025(Nordic Chinese Times Flash News)
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the2025Nobel Prize in Physics to three American scientists for their groundbreaking discoveries in macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit:
John Clarke,University of California,USA
Michel H.Devoret,Yale University&University of California,USA
John M.Martinis,University of California,USA
At the press conference in Stockholm,Hans Ellegren,Secretary General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,Olle Eriksson,Chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics,and Göran Johansson,Committee Member,presented the laureates and explained their scientific achievements.
Hans Ellegren stated that the laureates’work“allowed us,for the first time,to directly observe quantum mechanical behaviour on a macroscopic scale,”forming the theoretical and experimental foundation for superconducting quantum computing.
Their discoveries bridge the gap between quantum physics and electrical engineering,opening new possibilities for quantum computers,precision measurements,and low-energy electronic devices.
北欧时报评论：为何是量子力学？在实际生活中的意义何在？
Why Quantum Mechanics?And What Does It Mean in Our Everyday Life?
文/北欧时报评论员|By Nordic Chinese Times Editorial Board
一、量子世界，不只是微观的奇异
1.The Quantum World—More Than Microscopic Mystery
量子力学自上世纪初诞生以来，就像一面镜子，让人类第一次看到自然界最深层的“非连续”本质。电子不再平滑运动，而是“跳跃”在能级之间；粒子有时像波，有时又像点；一个粒子甚至可以同时存在于两个状态之中——这便是量子叠加。
Since its birth in the early20th century,quantum mechanics has served as a mirror revealing the discontinuous nature of the universe.Electrons no longer move smoothly but“jump”between energy levels;particles behave both like waves and like points;a single particle can exist in two states at once—this is the phenomenon ofquantum superposition.
2025年诺贝尔物理学奖获奖的三位科学家发现，即使在肉眼可见的电路中，也能观察到量子隧穿效应与能量量子化。这意味着：量子规律并非只存在于原子世界，而是贯穿整个宇宙的底层逻辑。
The2025Nobel Prize in Physics laureates discovered that even in macroscopic electric circuits,quantum tunnelling and energy quantisation occur.This meansquantum laws are not confined to the atomic world,but are woven into the very fabric of the cosmos.
二、从实验室到人类未来的计算核心
2.From the Laboratory to the Core of Human Computation
他们的成果奠定了超导量子计算机的基础。
量子计算机不同于传统计算机的“0”和“1”，它可以同时处于“0”和“1”的叠加状态。这样的结构让计算能力成指数级提升。
Their discoveries laid the foundation forsuperconducting quantum computers.
Unlike classical computers that use“0”and“1”,quantum computers operate in superpositions of both.This structure increases computing power exponentially.
从药物分子模拟、金融预测、气候建模，到人工智能算法优化，量子计算都可能颠覆现有的科技格局。
量子力学，正悄然改变人类的未来。
From molecular drug simulations and financial forecasts to climate models and AI algorithm optimisation,quantum computing has the potential to reshape our world.
Quantum mechanics is quietly redefining humanity’s future.
三、量子效应其实已在我们身边
3.Quantum Effects Are Already Around Us
许多人或许不知道，量子技术早已无声地进入日常生活。
GPS导航依赖量子物理中的原子钟；MRI源于量子自旋原理；激光通信、光纤互联网的基础皆是量子光学。未来的量子传感器将使自动驾驶、医学检测与地震预警精度提升百倍。
Few realise that quantum technology already underpins our lives.
GPS depends on quantum atomic clocks;MRI comes from quantum spin;laser communication and fibre-optic networks are born from quantum optics.
Futurequantum sensorswill make autonomous driving,medical diagnostics,and earthquake monitoring a hundred times more accurate.
四、量子力学与阴阳八卦：思想的回响
4.Quantum Mechanics and Yin-Yang:The Echo of Ancient Thought
如果从文明的角度看，量子力学的世界观似乎与中国古代哲学不谋而合。
阴阳两仪、八卦六十四象，构成一种二元变化的宇宙语言。
电子的自旋、量子叠加与纠缠，也恰似阴阳互根、动静无常的象征。
From a civilizational perspective,the worldview of quantum mechanics resonates with ancient Chinese philosophy.
The Yin and Yang duality and the64hexagrams of theI Chingdescribe the universe through abinary language of transformation.
Quantum spin,superposition,and entanglement mirror the same balance and interdependence between opposites.
正如莱布尼茨当年惊叹于《易经》中的二进制思维，今天的量子逻辑门与八卦演化有着惊人的对应。
或许我们可以半开玩笑地说——美国科学家应该分给中国古人一半诺贝尔奖金。
Just as Leibniz marvelled at the binary logic embedded in theI Ching,today’s quantum logic gates strangely echo the transformation of the hexagrams.
We might jokingly say—perhaps modern scientists should share half the Nobel Prize with the ancient Chinese sages.
五、科学的尽头，是哲学的微笑
5.At the End of Science Lies the Smile of Philosophy
量子力学的意义，不止是技术革命，更是思维革命。
它让人类重新认识：世界不是绝对的，确定与不确定共存；
观察者与被观察者并非分离，知识的边界，正是想象力的起点。
The meaning of quantum mechanics lies not only in a technological revolution but also a revolution of thought.
It teaches humanity that the world is not absolute—certainty and uncertainty coexist;
the observer and the observed are intertwined;and the edge of knowledge is the birthplace of imagination.
当东方的“道”遇上西方的“理”，
当量子比特与八卦爻象相遇，
也许人类正在迈向一种新的文明形态——
理性与直觉、科学与诗意，终将汇入同一条河流。
When the EasternDaomeets Western logic,
when quantum bits meet the lines of the hexagrams,
humanity may be stepping into a new form of civilisation—
where reason and intuition,science and poetry,finally flow into the same river.
讨论 Conclusion
量子力学是不是对东方哲学的“借鉴”？
更是科学在追寻真理的道路上，
这无意中回到了古人早已描绘的思想原点。
Quantum mechanics is not a theft from Eastern philosophy—
it is science,on its journey toward truth,
unknowingly returning to the origin that ancient thinkers once envisioned.
或许，诺贝尔奖不只是对科学家的嘉奖，
更是对人类思想长河的一次致敬。
Perhaps the Nobel Prize does not only honour scientists,
but also pays tribute to the river of human thought that flows through all ages and cultures.
