“It was a choice of ballots over bullets.”
——“那是一次用选票取代子弹的选择。”
2025年诺贝尔和平奖授予一位勇敢而坚定的和平捍卫者——一位在日益加深的黑暗中仍守护民主之火的女性。
作为委内瑞拉民主运动的领导者，玛丽亚·科琳娜·马查多（Maria Corina Machado）是当代拉丁美洲最杰出的公民勇气典范之一。
马查多女士在一个曾经深度分裂的反对派阵营中发挥了关键的凝聚作用——她让这个阵营在“要求自由选举与代议制政府”的共同目标上达成了共识。
The Nobel Peace Prize for2025goes to a brave and committed champion of peace–to a woman who keeps the flame of democracy burning amid a growing darkness.As the leader of the democracy movement in Venezuela,Maria Corina Machado is one of the most extraordinary examples of civilian courage in Latin America in recent times.
Ms Machado has been a key,unifying figure in a political opposition that was once deeply divided–an opposition that found common ground in the demand for free elections and representative government.
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2025年诺贝尔和平奖公告全文
2025年10月10日
2025年诺贝尔和平奖授予一位勇敢而坚定的和平捍卫者——一位在日益加深的黑暗中仍守护民主之火的女性。
挪威诺贝尔委员会决定，将2025年诺贝尔和平奖授予玛丽亚·科琳娜·马查多（Maria Corina Machado）。
她因不懈努力促进委内瑞拉人民的民主权利，并为实现从独裁到民主的公正与和平过渡而奋斗，荣获此殊荣。
作为委内瑞拉民主运动的领导者，玛丽亚·科琳娜·马查多是当代拉丁美洲最杰出的公民勇气典范之一。
马查多女士在一个曾深度分裂的政治反对阵营中，起到了关键的团结作用——她让反对派在“自由选举与代议制政府”的共同诉求中达成共识。这正是民主的核心所在：即便意见相左，我们仍愿意共同守护人民主权的原则。在民主受到威胁的时代，捍卫这份共同立场比以往任何时候都更为重要。
委内瑞拉从一个相对民主、富裕的国家，沦为一个残酷的专制政体，如今正深陷人道与经济危机。大多数人民生活在极度贫困之中，而少数掌权者却不断敛财。国家的暴力机器被用来镇压本国公民。近800万人被迫离开家园。反对派通过操纵选举、司法迫害与监禁遭受系统性压制。
在这样的专制环境下，政治工作极其艰难。作为“苏玛特”（Súmate）组织的创始人之一——一个致力于推动民主发展的机构，马查多女士在二十多年前便挺身而出，为自由与公正的选举发声。正如她所说：“那是一次以选票代替子弹的选择。”
在其后的公共服务与政治生涯中，马查多女士始终为司法独立、人权与民意代表制度奔走呼吁。她为委内瑞拉人民的自由奋斗多年。
在2024年总统选举前夕，马查多被推选为反对派的总统候选人，但政权阻止了她的参选。她随后支持另一位来自不同政党的候选人——**埃德蒙多·冈萨雷斯·乌鲁蒂亚（Edmundo Gonzalez Urrutia）。数十万志愿者跨越政治分歧共同动员，接受培训成为选举监督员，以确保投票过程公开透明。尽管面临骚扰、逮捕与酷刑的风险，全国各地的公民仍坚守投票站，确保在政权毁票与造假之前记录下真实计票结果。
反对派在选前与选举期间的集体努力，既创新又勇敢，既和平又民主。当反对派公开公布从各选区收集的计票结果、证明其在选举中取得明显胜利时，他们获得了国际社会的广泛支持。然而，政权拒绝承认选举结果，继续紧握权力不放。
民主是持久和平的前提。然而，我们生活在一个民主倒退的世界，越来越多的专制政权挑战国际准则并诉诸暴力。委内瑞拉政权对权力的顽固控制与对人民的压迫，并非孤例。全球范围内，类似趋势不断蔓延：当权者滥用法治，媒体被噤声，异议者遭监禁，社会被推向专制与军事化。在2024年，全球举行的选举数量创下新高，但真正自由公正的却寥寥无几。
在其漫长的历史中，挪威诺贝尔委员会曾多次表彰那些勇敢面对压迫的人——他们在牢狱、街头与广场中承载自由的希望，用行动证明了和平抵抗也能改变世界。过去一年中，马查多女士被迫隐匿生活。尽管面临严重的生命威胁，她依然选择留在国内，这一决定鼓舞了数百万民众。
当专制者攫取权力时，识别并赞颂那些挺身而出的自由捍卫者尤为重要。民主依赖那些拒绝沉默、敢于在危险中发声的人——他们提醒世人：自由绝非理所当然，而是必须被不断守护，用语言、用勇气、用决心去捍卫。
玛丽亚·科琳娜·马查多完全符合阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱中和平奖获奖者的三项标准：
她团结了国家的反对力量；
她从未屈服于委内瑞拉社会的军事化；
她始终坚定支持以和平方式实现向民主的过渡。
玛丽亚·科琳娜·马查多证明了——民主的工具，正是和平的工具。她代表着另一种未来的希望：一个公民基本权利受到保障、人民声音真正被倾听的未来。
在那个未来里，人们将终于能够自由而和平地生活。
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——挪威诺贝尔委员会
Announcement,Nobel Peace Prize2025
10October2025
The Nobel Peace Prize for2025goes to a brave and committed champion of peace–to a woman who keeps the flame of democracy burning amid a growing darkness.
The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace Prize for2025to Maria Corina Machado.
She is receiving the Nobel Peace Prize for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy.
As the leader of the democracy movement in Venezuela,Maria Corina Machado is one of the most extraordinary examples of civilian courage in Latin America in recent times.
Ms Machado has been a key,unifying figure in a political opposition that was once deeply divided–an opposition that found common ground in the demand for free elections and representative government.This is precisely what lies at the heart of democracy:our shared willingness to defend the principles of popular rule,even though we disagree.At a time when democracy is under threat,it is more important than ever to defend this common ground.
Venezuela has evolved from a relatively democratic and prosperous country to a brutal,authoritarian state that is now suffering a humanitarian and economic crisis.Most Venezuelans live in deep poverty,even as the few at the top enrich themselves.The violent machinery of the state is directed against the country’s own citizens.Nearly8million people have left the country.The opposition has been systematically suppressed by means of election rigging,legal prosecution and imprisonment.
Venezuela’s authoritarian regime makes political work extremely difficult.As a founder of Súmate,an organisation devoted to democratic development,Ms Machado stood up for free and fair elections more than20years ago.As she said:“It was a choice of ballots over bullets.”In political office and in her service to organisations since then,Ms Machado has spoken out for judicial independence,human rights and popular representation.She has spent years working for the freedom of the Venezuelan people.
Ahead of the election of2024,Ms Machado was the opposition’s presidential candidate,but the regime blocked her candidacy.She then backed the representative of a different party,Edmundo Gonzalez Urrutia,in the election.Hundreds of thousands of volunteers mobilised across political divides.They were trained as election observers to ensure a transparent and fair election.Despite the risk of harassment,arrest and torture,citizens across the country held watch over the polling stations.They made sure the final tallies were documented before the regime could destroy ballots and lie about the outcome.
The efforts of the collective opposition,both before and during the election,were innovative and brave,peaceful and democratic.The opposition received international support when its leaders publicised the vote counts that had been collected from the country’s election districts,showing that the opposition had won by a clear margin.But the regime refused to accept the election result,and clung to power.
Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace.However,we live in a world where democracy is in retreat,where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence.The Venezuelan regime’s rigid hold on power and its repression of the population are not unique in the world.We see the same trends globally:rule of law abused by those in control,free media silenced,critics imprisoned,and societies pushed towards authoritarian rule and militarisation.In2024,more elections were held than ever before,but fewer and fewer are free and fair.
In its long history,the Norwegian Nobel Committee has honoured brave women and men who have stood up to repression,who have carried the hope of freedom in prison cells,on the streets and in public squares,and who have shown by their actions that peaceful resistance can change the world.In the past year,Ms Machado has been forced to live in hiding.Despite serious threats against her life she has remained in the country,a choice that has inspired millions of people.
When authoritarians seize power,it is crucial to recognise courageous defenders of freedom who rise and resist.Democracy depends on people who refuse to stay silent,who dare to step forward despite grave risk,and who remind us that freedom must never be taken for granted,but must always be defended–with words,with courage and with determination.
Maria Corina Machado meets all three criteria stated in Alfred Nobel’s will for the selection of a Peace Prize laureate.She has brought her country’s opposition together.She has never wavered in resisting the militarisation of Venezuelan society.She has been steadfast in her support for a peaceful transition to democracy.
Maria Corina Machado has shown that the tools of democracy are also the tools of peace.She embodies the hope of a different future,one where the fundamental rights of citizens are protected,and their voices are heard.In this future,people will finally be free to live in peace.
