（《北欧时报》记者发自斯德哥尔摩）(By Nordic Chinese Times Correspondent,reporting from Stockholm)2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖今日揭晓，授予美国科学家Mary E.Brunkow、Fred Ramsdell以及日本大阪大学教授Shimon Sakaguchi，以表彰他们在外周免疫耐受（peripheral immune tolerance）机制方面的开创性发现。

The2025Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded today to Mary E.Brunkow,Fred Ramsdell,and Shimon Sakaguchi,for their groundbreaking discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance.

他们的研究揭示了免疫系统中一个关键平衡：人体必须学会防御外来入侵者，同时避免攻击自身。Sakaguchi首次发现调节性T细胞（Tregs），这些细胞是免疫系统的“刹车”，防止自身免疫性疾病的发生。而Brunkow与Ramsdell则通过研究FOXP3基因，阐明了其在维持免疫平衡中的核心作用。这些发现奠定了现代免疫调控学的基础，为自身免疫疾病、器官移植及癌症免疫疗法开辟了新方向。

Their work revealed a crucial equilibrium within the immune system:the body must defend against foreign invaders while refraining from attacking itself.Sakaguchi first identified regulatory T cells(Tregs)—the“brakes”of immunity that prevent autoimmune diseases.Brunkow and Ramsdell,through their studies of the FOXP3gene,uncovered its central role in maintaining immune balance.These discoveries laid the foundation of modern immune regulation and opened new paths for treating autoimmune disorders,organ rejection,and cancer.

在蛇年之秋的北欧，没有中秋的明月，却有秋阳如镜。瑞典的天空高远而澄净，金黄的枫叶在风中飘曳，如同光线在空气中游走。此刻的“光”，并非皓月之光，而是科学之光——照亮人类理解自身免疫奥秘的路。

In the Nordic autumn of the Year of the Snake,there is no bright mid-autumn moon—only sunlight like a mirror upon the lakes.The Swedish sky is high and clear,golden leaves shimmer in the wind like light drifting through air.The true radiance here is not lunar,but the light of science—illuminating humanity’s path toward understanding the mysteries of immunity.

每年的诺贝尔医学奖，都是一次人类智慧的礼赞。从青霉素的诞生到青蒿素的发现，从DNA双螺旋到RNA疫苗，从实验室的试管到生命的重建，这条路上凝聚着科学家与自然对话的全部激情。

Every Nobel Prize in Medicine is a hymn to human intellect.From the discovery of penicillin to artemisinin,from the DNA double helix to RNA vaccines,from the test tubes of laboratories to the reconstruction of life itself—each step embodies humanity’s passionate dialogue with nature.

科学发现只是冰山一角。医学研究的深意，不在于一项实验或一个模型，而在于理解生命如何自我调节、自我平衡。人类的免疫系统，也像东方哲学中的“阴阳五行”——在攻与守之间，在刚与柔之间，维系着宇宙的秩序。

Scientific discovery is only the tip of an iceberg.The true meaning of medical research lies not in a single experiment or model,but in understanding how life achieves self-regulation and balance.The human immune system resembles the Eastern philosophy of yin-yang and the five elements—sustaining universal order between attack and defense,strength and gentleness.

每一个人都曾被疾病困扰，哪怕是一场普通的感冒。当你走进瑞典的森林，看见脚下密密麻麻的蘑菇——有的有毒，有的可食——生命的脆弱与神秘就在那一瞬间闪现。万事万物似乎都潜藏在玄而未决的理论之中，等待被发现。大自然的灵感，也许就在一根不起眼的草药、一滴清泉、一片静默的苔藓之中。

Every person has known illness—even a fleeting cold reminds us of our fragility.Walking through a Swedish forest,surrounded by countless mushrooms—some poisonous,some edible—one feels the delicate and mysterious nature of life.Everything seems suspended between the known and the unknown,awaiting discovery.Perhaps nature’s inspiration lies in a single unremarkable herb,a drop of spring water,or a silent patch of moss.

科学的道路，不仅通往实验室的显微镜，也通往人与自然的内在对话。免疫学研究的“平衡”概念，也让人重新理解医学的终极使命——不是征服，而是共生；不是操控，而是顺应。

The path of science leads not only to microscopes in laboratories,but to an inner dialogue between humanity and nature.The concept of“balance”in immunology reminds us of medicine’s ultimate mission—not to conquer,but to coexist;not to control,but to harmonize.

因此，当诺贝尔奖的钟声在卡罗琳医学院回荡，这不仅是对三位科学家的致敬，更是提醒我们：医学的终极目标，不只是“治病”，而是理解“生命”本身。

Thus,when the bells of the Karolinska Institute resound,it is not only a tribute to three laureates,but also a reminder:the ultimate purpose of medicine is not merely to cure disease,but to understand life itself.

在这个没有月亮的中秋，科学的光辉依然照亮人类的希望。医学的道路，从不只是理性的征途，它也需要诗意的洞察与哲学的回归。愿未来的科学，不仅探索生命的机制，更能聆听天地的脉动——从阴阳五行的和谐，到基因与细胞的对话，皆是同一条通往健康的路。

In this mid-autumn without the moon,the brilliance of science still lights humanity’s hope.The road of medicine has never been a purely rational pursuit;it also requires poetic vision and philosophical reflection.May future science not only explore the mechanisms of life,but also listen to the rhythm of nature—for from the harmony of yin and yang to the dialogue of genes and cells,all paths lead to the same destination:the health of humankind.

——《北欧时报》特派记者发自瑞典斯德哥尔摩卡罗琳医学院

—Reported by the Nordic Chinese Times from the Karolinska Institute,Stockholm,Sweden.